Dr. Ricardo Chavarriaga

Personal profile

Management role

Head, CLAIRE Office Zürich

Position at the ZHAW

Research Associate
Centre for Artificial Intelligence (CAI)
www.zhaw.ch/en/engineering/institutes-centres/cai/

ricardo.chavarriaga.me

Expertise and research interests

Brain-machine interfacing, Artificial Intelligence, AI Governance, Scientific diplomacy, Neurotechnologies, Responsible innovation

Educational background

2019 - Certificate of Advanced Studies (CAS) in Management of Biotech, Medtech, and Pharma Ventures. EPFL, Switzerland
2019 - Professional Project Management (PMP) Certification. Project Management Institution, PMI, USA
2005 - PhD in Computational Neuroscience. School of Computer Science, EPFL, Switzerland

Professional milestones

2019-present: Executive-in-Residence, Geneva Center for Security Policy, Switzerland
2017-present: Chair, Working group on Neurotechnologies for brain-machine interfacing, IEEE Standards Association
2011-present: Co-Chair, Technical committee on brain-machine interface systems, IEEE Society on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
2009-2019: Research Scientist, Lecturer, EPFL, Switzerland
2006-2008: Research Scientist, Idiap research Institute, Switzerland

Awards:
2021: ZHAW Digital-DIZH Fellowship on Good practices for responsible development of AI-based applications in healthcare
2019: IEEE Society on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Best Associate Editor - Human-Machine Systems
2019: Elevated to the grade of IEEE senior member
2016, 2017, 2018: IEEE Society on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Award to the most active technical committee in Human Machine Interaction
2017: Journal of Neural Engineering, IOP Publishing. Outstanding reviewer award
2015: Nominee International BCI award (top 10): Project: Easy riders: Brain-computer interfaces for enhancing driving experience
2013: Nominee International BCI award (top 10): Project: Cognitive signals for brain-machine interfaces: an alternative paradigm to neuroprosthetics control

Membership of networks

• CLAIRE - Confederation of Laboratories for AI Research in Europe (Head of Zürich office)
• Datalab, the ZHAW Data Science Laboratory
• IEEE Standards Association group on Neurotechnologies for brain-machine interfacing (Chair)
• IEEE Standards Association group P2863 Recommended Practice for Organizational Governance of AI (Chair Subgroup on Principles)
• IEEE Brain Initiative (Core group member)
• IEEE Standards Association group P7700 Recommended Practice for the Responsible Design and Development of Neurotechnologies (Vice-chair)
• Brain Computer Interface Society
• 
  MIT Technology Review Global Panel
• Databooster (co-lead Focus Topic: Responsible AI)

Projects

• Stability of self-organizing net fragments as inductive bias for next-generation deep learning / Team member / Project ongoing
• certAInty – A Certification Scheme for AI systems / Project leader / Project ongoing
• Mobile Inclusion Lab / Project co-leader / Project completed
• Good practices for responsible development of AI-based applications in healthcare / Project leader / Project completed
• FWA: Visual Food Waste Analysis for Sustainable Kitchens / Team member / Project completed

Publications

• Iwane, Fumiaki; Sobolewski, Aleksander; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millán, José del R.,

  2023.

  EEG error-related potentials encode magnitude of errors and individual perceptual thresholds.

  iScience.

  (107524).

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.107524

• Porssut, Thibault; Iwane, Fumiaki; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Blanke, Olaf; Millán, José Del R.; Boulic, Ronan; Herbelin, Bruno,

  2023.

  EEG signature of breaks in embodiment in VR.

  PLOS ONE.

  18(5), pp. e0282967.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282967

• Meng, Lubin; Jiang, Xue; Huang, Jian; Zeng, Zhigang; Yu, Shan; Jung, Tzyy-Ping; Lin, Chin-Teng; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Wu, Dongrui,

  2023.

  EEG-based brain-computer interfaces are vulnerable to backdoor attacks.

  IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering.

  31, pp. 2224-2234.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2023.3273214

• Ienca, Marcello; Fins, Joseph J.; Jox, Ralf J.; Jotterand, Fabrice; Voeneky, Silja; Andorno, Roberto; Ball, Tonio; Castelluccia, Claude; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Chneiweiss, Hervé; Ferretti, Agata; Friedrich, Orsolya; Hurst, Samia; Merkel, Grischa; Molnár-Gábor, Fruzsina; Rickli, Jean-Marc; Scheibner, James; Vayena, Effy; Yuste, Rafael; Kellmeyer, Philipp,

  2022.

  Towards a governance framework for brain data.

  Neuroethics.

  15(2), pp. 20.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-022-09498-8

• Huggins, Jane E.; Krusienski, Dean; Vansteensel, Mariska J.; Valeriani, Davide; Thelen, Antonia; Stavisky, Sergey; Norton, James J.S.; Nijholt, Anton; Müller-Putz, Gernot; Kosmyna, Nataliya; Korczowski, Louis; Kapeller, Christoph; Herff, Christian; Halder, Sebastian; Guger, Christoph; Grosse-Wentrup, Moritz; Gaunt, Robert; Dusang, Aliceson Nicole; Clisson, Pierre; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Anderson, Charles W.; Allison, Brendan; Aksenova, Tetiana; Aarnoutse, Erik,

  2022.

  Workshops of the eighth international brain-computer interface meeting : BCIs: the next frontier.

  Brain-Computer Interfaces.

  9(2), pp. 69-101.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/2326263X.2021.2009654

• Dell'Agnola, Fabio; Jao, Ping-Keng; Arza, Adriana; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millan, Jose Del R.; Floreano, Dario; Atienza, David,

  2022.

  Machine-learning based monitoring of cognitive workload in rescue missions with drones.

  IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics.

  26(9), pp. 4751-4762.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2022.3186625

• Batzianoulis, Iason; Iwane, Fumiaki; Wei, Shupeng; Correia, Carolina Gaspar Pinto Ramos; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millán, José del R.; Billard, Aude,

  2021.

  Customizing skills for assistive robotic manipulators, an inverse reinforcement learning approach with error-related potentials.

  Communications Biology.

  4(1406).

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02891-8

• Eke, Damian O; Bernard, Amy; Bjaalie, Jan G; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Hanakawa, Takashi; Hannan, Anthony J; Hill, Sean L; Martone, Maryann E; McMahon, Agnes; Ruebel, Oliver; Crook, Sharon; Thiels, Edda; Pestilli, Franco,

  2021.

  International data governance for neuroscience.

  Neuron.

  110(4), pp. 600-612.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2021.11.017

• Delaux, Alexandre; Saint Aubert, Jean‐Baptiste; Ramanoël, Stephen; Bécu, Marcia; Gehrke, Lukas; Klug, Marius; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Sahel, José‐Alain; Gramann, Klaus; Arleo, Angelo,

  2021.

  Mobile brain/body imaging of landmark‐based navigation with high‐density EEG.

  European Journal of Neuroscience.

  54(12), pp. 8256-8282.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.15190

• Bontempi, Gianluca; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; De Canck, Hans; Girardi, Emanuela; Hoos, Holger; Kilbane-Dawe, Iarla; Ball, Tonio; Nowé, Ann; Sousa, Jose; Bacciu, Davide; Aldinucci, Marco; De Domenico, Manlio; Saffiotti, Alessandro; Maratea, Marco,

  2021.

  The CLAIRE COVID-19 initiative : approach, experiences and recommendations.

  Ethics and Information Technology.

  23(Suppl 1), pp. S127-S133.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-020-09567-7

• Aydarkhanov, Ruslan; Ušćumlić, Marija; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Gheorghe, Lucian; Millán, José del R,

  2021.

  Closed-loop EEG study on visual recognition during driving.

  Journal of Neural Engineering.

  18(2), pp. 026010.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/abdfb2

• Jao, Ping-Keng; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Dell'Agnola, Fabio; Arza, Adriana; Atienza, David; Millan, Jose del R.,

  2021.

  EEG correlates of difficulty levels in dynamical transitions of simulated flying and mapping tasks.

  IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems.

  51(2), pp. 99-108.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/THMS.2020.3038339

• Jao, Ping-Keng; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millan, Jose del R.,

  2021.

  EEG-based online regulation of difficulty in simulated flying.

  IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing.

  14(1), pp. 394-405.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/TAFFC.2021.3059688

• Iwane, Fumiaki; Iturrate, Iñaki; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millán, José del R.,

  2021.

  Invariability of EEG error-related potentials during continuous feedback protocols elicited by erroneous actions at predicted or unpredicted states.

  Journal of Neural Engineering.

  18(4), pp. 046044.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/abfa70

• Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Carey, Carole; Contreras-Vidal, Jose Luis; McKinney, Zach; Bianchi, Luigi,

  2021.

  Standardization of neurotechnology for brain-machine interfacing : state of the art and recommendations.

  IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology.

  2, pp. 71-73.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/OJEMB.2021.3061328

• Aydarkhanov, Ruslan; Ušćumlić, Marija; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Gheorghe, Lucian; del R Millán, José,

  2020.

  Spatial covariance improves BCI performance for late ERPs components with high temporal variability.

  Journal of Neural Engineering.

  17(3), pp. 036030.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ab95eb

• Orset, Bastien; Lee, Kyuhwa; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millan, Jose del R.,

  2020.

  User adaptation to closed-loop decoding of motor imagery termination.

  IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

  68(1), pp. 3-10.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2020.3001981

• Jeunet, Camille; Tonin, Luca; Albert, Louis; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Bideau, Benoît; Argelaguet, Ferran; Millán, José del R.; Lécuyer, Anatole; Kulpa, Richard,

  2020.

  Uncovering EEG correlates of covert attention in soccer goalkeepers : towards innovative sport training procedures.

  Scientific Reports.

  10(1705).

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58533-2

• Zhang, Xiao; Wu, Dongrui; Ding, Lieyun; Luo, Hanbin; Lin, Chin-Teng; Jung, Tzyy-Ping; Chavarriaga, Ricardo,

  2020.

  Tiny noise, big mistakes : adversarial perturbations induce errors in brain-computer interface spellers.

  National Science Review.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa233

• Iturrate, Iñaki; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millán, José del R.,

  2020.

  General principles of machine learning for brain-computer interfacing

  .

  In:

  Millan, José del R; Ramsay, Nick F., eds.,

  Handbook of Clinical Neurology ; 168.

  Elsevier.

  pp. 311-328.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63934-9.00023-8

• Simmler, Niclas; Sager, Pascal; Andermatt, Philipp; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Schilling, Frank-Peter; Rosenthal, Matthias; Stadelmann, Thilo,

  2021.

  A survey of un-, weakly-, and semi-supervised learning methods for noisy, missing and partial labels in industrial vision applications [paper].

  In:

  Proceedings of the 8th SDS.

  8th Swiss Conference on Data Science, Lucerne, Switzerland, 9 June 2021.

  IEEE.

  pp. 26-31.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/SDS51136.2021.00012

• Amirian, Mohammadreza; Tuggener, Lukas; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Satyawan, Yvan Putra; Schilling, Frank-Peter; Schwenker, Friedhelm; Stadelmann, Thilo,

  2021.

  Two to trust : AutoML for safe modelling and interpretable deep learning for robustness [paper].

  In:

  Postproceedings of the 1st TAILOR Workshop on Trustworthy AI at ECAI 2020.

  1st TAILOR Workshop on Trustworthy AI at ECAI 2020, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 29-30 August 2020.

  Springer.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-22061

• Weng, Joanna; Reif, Monika; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Schilling, Frank-Peter,

  2023.

  certAInty : a certification scheme for AI systems (Innosuisse project) [poster].

  In:

  Datalab Symposium, Winterthur, Schweiz, 11. Januar 2023.

  ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-27261

• Orset, Bastien; Lee, Kyuhwa; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millán, José del. R,

  2021.

  Stopping vs Resting state during motor imagery paradigm.

  bioRxiv.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.15.448360

• Perdikis, Serafeim; Leeb, Robert; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Millán, José del R.,

  2020.

  Context-aware learning for generative models.

  IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2020.3011671

• Chavarriaga, Ricardo,

  2020.

  Standards for neurotechnologies and brain-machine interfacing.

  IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Magazine.

  6(3), pp. 50-51.

  Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/MSMC.2020.2995438

Publications before appointment at the ZHAW

Full list in Google Scholar: scholar.google.com/citations

Chavarriaga R. et al. (2020) Standards Roadmap: Neurotechnologies for Brain-Machine Interfacing, IEEE Standards Association standards.ieee.org/industry-connections/neurotechnologies-for-brain-machine-interfacing.html

Lotte et al. (2019) Turning negative into positives! Exploiting "negative" results in Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) research. Brain-Computer Interfaces doi.org/10.1080/2326263X.2019.1697143

Chavarriaga R. et al. (2018) Decoding neural correlates of cognitive states to enhance driving experience. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2, 288–297. doi.org/10.1109/TETCI.2018.2848289

Chavarriaga R., Fried-Oken M., Kleih S., Lotte F. & Scherer R. (2017) Heading for new shores! Overcoming pitfalls in BCI design. Brain-Computer Interfaces 4, 60–73. infoscience.epfl.ch/record/223730

Min B.-K., Chavarriaga R. & Millán J. d. R. (2017) Harnessing prefrontal cognitive signals for brain-machine interfaces. Trends in Biotechnology, 35, 7, 585-597. infoscience.epfl.ch/record/226817

Saeedi S., Chavarriaga R. & Millán J. d. R. (2017) Long-Term Stable Control of Motor-Imagery BCI by a Locked-In User Through Adaptive Assistance. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 25, 380–391. infoscience.epfl.ch/record/224012

Lee K., Liu D., Perroud L., Chavarriaga R., & Millán J. d. R. (2017) A brain-Controlled exoskeleton with cascaded event-related desynchronization classifiers. Robotics and Autonomous Systems. infoscience.epfl.ch/record/221052

Iturrate I., Chavarriaga R., Montesano L., Minguez J. & Millán J. d. R. (2015) Teaching brain-machine interfaces as an alternative paradigm to neuroprosthetics control. Scientific Reports 5. infoscience.epfl.ch/record/211086

Zhang H., Chavarriaga R. & Millán J. d. R. (2015) Discriminant brain connectivity patterns of performance monitoring at average and single-trial levels. NeuroImage 120, 64–74. linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1053811915006217

Chavarriaga R., Sobolewski A. & Millán J. d. R. (2014) Errare machinale est: The use of error-related potentials in brain-machine interfaces. Frontiers in Neuroscience 8, 208. journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2014.00208/abstract

Roggen D, Tröster G, Lukowicz P, Ferscha A, Millán, J. d. R. & Chavarriaga (2013). Opportunistic human activity and context recognition. IEEE Computer, 46, 2, 36-45. infoscience.epfl.ch/record/182084

Perrin X., Chavarriaga R., Colas F., Siegwart R. & Millán J. d. R. (2010) Brain-coupled interaction for semi-autonomous navigation of an assistive robot. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 58, 12, 1246-1255. infoscience.epfl.ch/record/149091

Other publications

SELECTED COMMUNICATIONS

Sept 2021: Digital Futures Lab Blog post: How much do Swiss politicians know about AI blog.zhaw.ch/digital-futures-lab/2021/09/23/how-much-do-swiss-politicians-know-about-artificial-intelligence/

July 2021: Swissinfo: Will Switzerland distance itself from the EU on mass surveillance? www.swissinfo.ch/eng/will-switzerland-distance-itself-from-the-eu-on-mass-surveillance-/46766024


Oct 2020: Swiss Parliament - Press release : Le Future politique de Sécurité sous la Loupe www.parlament.ch/press-releases/Pages/mm-sik-n-2020-10-27.aspx

SELECTED TALKS (Full list: rchavarriaga.github.io/talks/):

Jun 2021: ZHAW digital series "Digital tools against Covid-19 - Addressing ethical challenges, public trust and acceptance". www.zhaw.ch/en/about-us/news/events/events/event-news/digital-tools-against-covid19-addressing-ethical-challenges-public-trust-and-acceptance/

May 2021: Claire Office Switzerland launch event: "AI4Good: Building a Nexus between Research, Innovation and Society". claire-ai.org/ch-office-launch/

May 2021: OECD Workshop:  “Neurotechnology in and for society – deliberation, stewardship and trust”

Mar 2021: World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO): Launch of the WIPO Technology Trends Report on Global Trends in Assistive Technology

Jan 2021: Workshop on Brain-Computer Interfaces. “Capturing Technology. Rethinking Arms Control”. German Federal Foreign Office

Nov 2020: Internet Governance Forum 2020 - Best Practice Forum on Data and New Technologies in an Internet Context www.intgovforum.org/multilingual/content/igf-2020-bpf-data-and-new-technologies-in-an-internet-context

Nov 2020: DEFTECH DAYS - Human-machine interface & Interaction, Thun, Switzerland. deftech.ch/human-machine-interface-and-interaction-november-10th-2020/

Nov 2020: Nationalrat Sicherheitspolitisches Seminar 2020 - Die militärischen Anwendungen der künstlichen Intelligenz www.parlament.ch/press-releases/Pages/mm-sik-n-2020-10-27.aspx

Sep 2020: Women in AI Global Summit 2020 www.womeninai.co/wai-summit

June 2020: Workshop Global Perspectives on Responsible Artificial Intelligence, Freiburg, Germany. www.jura.uni-freiburg.de/de/institute/ioeffr2/forschung-1/responsible-ai

June 2020: AI Governance Forum 2020 - From the governance of AI to the governance via AI, Digital Conference. Moderator panel: “Healthcare and AI”, Geneva . ai-gf.com

March 2020: Public discussion: Kann KI uns helfen, globale Herausforderungen zu meistern?, Winterthur, Switzerland. www.zhaw.ch/de/ueber-uns/aktuell/veranstaltungen/detailansicht-veranstaltung/event-news/12850/

November 2019: Symposium Closing the regulatory gap for consumer neurotechnology, Brocher Foundation, Geneva. www.brocher.ch/fr/events/392/closing-the-regulatory-gap-for-consumer-neurotechnology

November 2018: Samsung Developer's Conference, SDC18, San Francisco, USA. Invited talk: Accessibility beyond - Use your brain to control your TV

October 2018: Meeting of the International Global Brain Initiatives, IEEE Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Miyazaki Japan.

September 2018: OECD Workshop "Minding Neurotechnology: delivering responsible innovation for health and well-being", Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

March 2018: South by Southwest festival (SXSW), Austin USA. Panelist: Mental Works: Moving Beyond Our Carbon Based Minds

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