AGEAIR: Investigation of the effects of performance deterioration and AGEing on gaseous and particulate emissions of in-service AIRcraft turbofan engines
At a glance
- Project leader : Dr. Julien Anet
- Deputy of project leader : Curdin Spirig
- Project team : Dr. Lukas Durdina, Dr. Lukas Durdina, Jacinta Edebeli, Manuel Waltert
- Project status : completed
- Funding partner : Federal government (Bundesamt für Zivilluftfahrt BAZL)
- Contact person : Julien Anet
Description
The thresholds for various pollutants of turbofan engines with a
thrust above 26.7 kN are defined in the Chicago convention, Annex
16, Volume 1-3. Since the emitted particulate matter has become
increasingly finer in recent decades, the measurement standard had
to be refined. From 2020 on, not only the so-called "smoke number",
but also various other parameters will be used as threshold values
for newly produced or in-use turbofan engines.
The influence of engine deterioration (or AGEing AIRcraft engines)
on the composition of pollutants is still largely unknown. This
knowledge is important for the following reasons: (i) The current
pollutant certification – and the new one, coming into effect in
2020 - is a type certification for the considered turbofan engine.
A change of the pollutant emission behaviour with increasing age is
to be expected, in particular due to the wear of components (e.g.
deposits on injectors, efficiency losses in compressors, etc.).
(ii) The most common emission inventories derive their emission
data from the type certification data (ICAO database), which is
associated with unknown uncertainties. (iii) In contrast to road
traffic, there are no known data sets on the influence of engine
ageing on emissions in aviation.
To close this knowledge gap, measurements on CFM56-7B and PW4000
engines are planned. By doing so, two statistically relevant data
sets can be created. These data sets are then correlated in a
multivariate statistical model with various engine parameters such
as EGT margin, run time or cycles. As such, the ageing effect can
be quantified. The aim is to develop a simple parameterization
which can be applied in emission inventories.
Publications
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Durdina, Lukas; Brem, Benjamin Tobias; Elser, Miriam; Schönenberger, David; Siegerist, Frithjof; Anet, Julien,
2021.
Environmental Science & Technology.
55(21), pp. 14576-14585.
Available from: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c04744
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Lobo, Prem; Durdina, Lukas; Brem, Benjamin T.; Crayford, Andrew P.; Johnson, Mark P.; Smallwood, Greg J.; Siegerist, Frithjof; Williams, Paul I.; Black, Elizabeth A.; Llamedo, Andrea; Thomson, Kevin A.; Trueblood, Max B.; Yu, Zhenhong; Hagen, Donald E.; Whitefield, Philip D.; Miake-Lye, Richard C.; Rindlisbacher, Theo,
2020.
Journal of Aerosol Science.
145(105557).
Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105557
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Durdina, Lukas; Edebeli, Jacinta; Spirig, Curdin; Anet, Julien,
2019.
In:
American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2019, San Francisco, CA, USA, 9-13 December 2019.
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Durdina, Lukas; Brem, Benjamin T.; Schönenberger, David; Siegerist, Frithjof; Anet, Julien G.; Rindlisbacher, Theo,
2019.
Environmental Science & Technology.
53(21), pp. 12865-12872.
Available from: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02513
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Durdina, Lukas; Lobo, Prem; Brem, Benjamin; Elser, Miriam; Schönenberger, David; Smallwood, Greg; Siegerist, Frithjof; Anet, Julien,
2019.
Characterising particulate matter in the evolving exhaust plume of an aircraft engine in a test cell [paper].
In:
Combustion Aerosol Conference 2019, Cambridge, UK, 26-28 June 2019.
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Elser, Miriam; Brem, Benjamin Tobias; Durdina, Lukas; Schönenberger, David; Siegerist, Frithjof; Fischer, Andrea; Wang, Jing,
2019.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.
19, pp. 6809-6820.
Available from: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6809-2019