The Swiss Financial Literacy Report 2025, conducted by True Wealth AG in cooperation with Dr. Michael Kendzia from the ZHAW School of Management and Law and the market research institute GfK Switzerland, highlights marked differences in financial literacy across population groups.

The link between income and financial literacy is particularly strong: high earners with a monthly income of CHF 12,000 or more answered an average of 7 out of 10 questions correctly, while households earning less than CHF 4,500 managed only 4 out of 10. Education also plays a key role. Respondents with higher education answered on average 6.5 out of 10 questions correctly, compared to just 3.7 among those with lower educational attainment.

Gender differences also remain significant. Men achieved an average of 63 percent correct answers, compared to 46 percent among women. It is also striking that women responded “don’t know” much more frequently – a pattern linked to lower financial self-confidence. Regional differences are most evident in knowledge about Exchange Traded Funds (ETF): while 32 percent of respondents in German-speaking Switzerland correctly identified the advantages of ETFs, only 19 percent did so in French-speaking Switzerland.

“Financial knowledge is stable, but not evenly distributed. The knowledge gap between income classes has widened further compared to last year,” summarizes Dr. Michael Kendzia.