Cognitive Load in Interpreting and Translation (CLINT)
Description
English has become the first truly global lingua franca. Even in multilingual Switzerland, English as a lingua franca (ELF) is replacing the four Swiss languages not only in international but also in intra-national communication. What appears at first glance to be a practical solution to communication problems in business, science and education can come at a cost, however. Despite the obvious relevance, there has been very little research into the consequences of millions of speakers having to use a foreign language to conduct business, academic, and other professional communication.
As language experts, interpreters and translators play an important role in fostering international communication and have competences and strategies that allow them to cope with speeches and texts that deviate to various degrees from Standard English. Preliminary research nevertheless suggests that the increasing volume of non-native English can lead to cognitive overload and stress for interpreters and translators.
The goal of this project was to gain a better understanding of the effects of this globalisation phenomenon. An interdisciplinary team of researchers from the fields of interpreting, translation, and neuropsychology used various methods to assess the actual cognitive demands associated with processing ELF as compared to Standard English.
Results
The results suggest that English as a lingua franca (ELF) affects language processing in various ways. As such, students of interpreting produced less accurate renditions when working from ELF. This effect was also present among professionals, albeit to a lesser extent, which could suggest that professionals have fewer difficulties in coping with ELF speech input. Professional translators also seem to experience increased cognitive load when working from ELF, as suggested by indicators such as number of keystrokes and longer pauses.
A survey gathering feedback from almost 900 professional translators and interpreters further supported these observations. Both interpreters and translators identified a lack of logic as one main difficulty in ELF texts. Translators also highlighted issues such as complex sentence structures and technical terminology, while interpreters pointed to unusual accents, pronunciation, and delivery speed, for example. However, professionals appear to have developed effective coping strategies, such as inferring the meaning, reformulating or asking for clarification.
Overall, these results indicate that processing ELF generally requires more effort than processing edited English versions of the same material. Professionals seem to be able to effectively manage the challenge by employing specific strategies. These strategies could inform targeted training for future language mediators.
Key data
Projectlead
Prof. Dr. Michaela Albl-Mikasa
Co-Projectlead
Prof. Dr. Maureen Ehrensberger-Dow, Prof. Dr. Lutz Jäncke (Universität Zürich UZH)
Project team
Katrin Andermatt, Birgit Fuhrmann, Dr. Anne Catherine Gieshoff, Dr. Andrea Hunziker Heeb, Romina Schaub-Torsello, Martin Schuler, Natalie Dietrich, Romy Stephanie Thommen, Prof. Dr. Caroline Lehr, Dr. Stefan Elmer (Universität Zürich UZH), Michael Boos (Universität Zürich UZH), Matthias Kobi (Universität Zürich UZH)
Project partners
Universität Zürich UZH
Project status
completed, 07/2018 - 10/2022
Institute/Centre
Institute of Multilingual Communication (IMK)
Funding partner
SNF Sinergia
Project budget
1'260'000 CHF
Further documents and links
Publications
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Optimising non-native-speaker source texts : a qualitative Relevance Theory-based account of interpreters’ renditions
2025 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela
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Effects of non-native text input on performance and perceived comprehensibility in translation, interpreting and other language processing tasks
2023 Gieshoff, Anne Catherine; Albl-Mikasa, Michaela; Hunziker Heeb, Andrea
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Processing spoken and written ELF material in natural translation and interpreting : what handling tactics do non-T&I multilinguals apply?
2023 Gieshoff, Anne Catherine; Albl-Mikasa, Michaela; Hunziker Heeb, Andrea
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Strategies we live by : coping with English as a lingua franca source input
2023 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela; Gieshoff, Anne Catherine; Hunziker Heeb, Andrea
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ELF und Dolmetschen
2023 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela
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Do interpreters improve (English non-native) speakers’ source speeches in an effort to maximize relevance for the target audience?
2023 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela
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Non-native source texts : a stress factor for students of translation and interpreting?
2022 Hunziker Heeb, Andrea; Gieshoff, Anne Catherine
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Memory skills or experience : which one is the better predictor for performance in professional interpreting?
2022 Gieshoff, Anne Catherine; Kobi, Mathias; Boos, Michael; Albl-Mikasa, Michaela
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ELF density : extending ELF research to monological texts and speeches
2022 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela; Gieshoff, Anne Catherine
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The imaginary invalid : interpreters in times of English as a lingua franca
2022 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela
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Processing ELF : how do language professionals reflect on it?
2021 Hunziker Heeb, Andrea; Gieshoff, Anne Catherine
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Meaning-making in interpreting ELF input – the amplified role of context
2021 Gieshoff, Anne Catherine; Andermatt, Katrin
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Interpreting quality and effort in expert and novice interpreters
2021 Gieshoff, Anne Catherine
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Im Flow beim Übersetzen : prozessbasierte Indikatoren zur Untersuchung von Flow-Zuständen im Übersetzungsprozess
2021 Bühler, Jonas
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A relevance-theoretic approach to interpreting ELF input
2021 Andermatt, Katrin
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English as a lingua franca-induced effects on cognitive load and interpreting quality
2021 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela; Gieshoff, Anne Catherine
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Basic principles of interlingual mediation : relevance in ELF contexts
2021 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela; Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen
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Cognitive load in translation : the role of emotions
2019 Hunziker Heeb, Andrea; Lehr, Caroline; Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen
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Challenges of non-standard input for translation and interpreting
2019 Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen; Albl-Mikasa, Michaela
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ITELF – (E)merging interests in interpreting and translation studies
2019 Albl-Mikasa, Michaela; Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen