AGEAIR II: Investigation of gaseous and particulate emissions of in-service AIRcraft and helicopter turbine engines, as well as the effects of performance deterioration of AGEing aircraft engines
At a glance
- Project leader : Dr. Lukas Durdina
- Co-project leader : Dr. Julien Anet
- Project team : Dr. Jacinta Edebeli, Curdin Spirig
- Project budget : CHF 2'000'000
- Project status : ongoing
- Funding partner : Federal government (Bundesamt für Zivilluftfahrt BAZL)
- Contact person : Lukas Durdina
Description
All combustion engines emit a wide range of toxic emissions. On
one hand, the gaseous fraction contains mostly nitrous gases (NOx),
carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and sulfur dioxide. Thanks to ICAO
regulations, NOx emissions have substantially decreased in recent
years, especially by optimizing the combustion process. On the
other hand, characteristics of the non-volatile particulate matter
fraction (nvPM) changed significantly, as the mean aerodynamic
diameter decreased from large fractions (1-10 µm) to an ultrafine
fraction (< 100 nm). The currently established measurement
principles, regulated in ICAO Annex 16, Volume 2, are therefore
becoming more and more useless when measuring nvPM. To this end,
the Swiss Mobile Aircraft Engine Emissions Measurement System
SMARTEMIS, a new, robust, industrial-grade nvPM and gaseous
emission measurement system has been developed jointly between Empa
and FOCA. SMARTEMIS can quantify nvPM emissions to a hitherto
hardly reached degree. This made it possible to define a new nvPM
certification standard, which will come into action for all
turbofan engines with thrust > 26.7 kN from 2020 on. Yet,
smaller turbofan, all turboprop and all turboshaft engines still
lack any stricter regulation. Moreover, the exhaust characteristics
of such engines is still largely unknown. As well, the detrimental
effects of engine deterioration onto exhaust composition has not
yet been quantified.
AGEAIR I and II wants to address these two problems:
During the project AGEAIR I (06/2016-03/2020), SMARTEMIS will be
used to gather first data quantifying the engine deterioration
effects of large turbofan engines (> 26.7 kN thrust) on
pollutant emissions. This measured data will be used to develop a
first version of an engine deterioration model predicting changes
in the engine exhaust. During AGEAIR II (01/2020-12/2022), we will
validate the model with further measurements and start assessing
the exhaust gas composition of turboprop and turboshaft engines of
small to medium-sized helicopter and turboprop planes. The findings
will i) complement engine emission datasets to generate a
comprehensive aviation emission inventory, ii) generate a base of
discussion for future regulatory actions for small turbine engine
emissions and iii) help understanding the combustion processes of
small turbine engines
Further information
Publications
-
Durdina, Lukas; Edebeli, Jacinta; Spirig, Curdin; Roth, Manuel; Anet, Julien; Brem, Benjamin; Elser, Miriam; Schönenberger, David,
2022.
In:
5th International Conference on Transport, Atmosphere and Climate (TAC-5), Bad Aibling, Germany, 27-30 June 2022.
-
Delaval, Mathilde N.; Jonsdottir, Hulda R.; Leni, Zaira; Keller, Alejandro; Brem, Benjamin T.; Siegerist, Frithjof; Schönenberger, David; Durdina, Lukas; Elser, Miriam; Salathe, Matthias; Baumlin, Nathalie; Lobo, Prem; Burtscher, Heinz; Liati, Anthi; Geiser, Marianne,
2022.
Environmental Pollution.
307(119521).
Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119521
-
Durdina, Lukas; Brem, Benjamin Tobias; Elser, Miriam; Schönenberger, David; Siegerist, Frithjof; Anet, Julien,
2021.
Environmental Science & Technology.
Available from: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-23310
-
Durdina, Lukas; Brem, Benjamin; Elser, Miriam; Schönenberger, David; Anet, Julien,
2021.
In:
Book of abstract for the 2021 European Aerosol Conference.
European Aerosol Conference (EAC2021), online, 30 August - 3 September 2021.
The Aerosol Society.
pp. 452.
Available from: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-23332